Muscle building

Upper/Lower Muscle Building Program

Four workouts a week, alternating upper and lower body. Each muscle is trained twice a week with enough volume to grow, and the plan builds to a peak before a deload.

Length
8 weeks
Sessions
4 a week
Time per session
60 min
Level
Intermediate
Equipment
Full gym

PDF, 5 pages, 385 KB. Includes every session and a training log.

Who this program is for

This program is for people who have trained consistently for at least six months, know the main lifts and want to build muscle efficiently. If you are new to the gym, start with the Beginner Full-Body Strength Program and come back after it.

How the program is built

Every muscle is trained twice a week, once in a heavier session and once in a higher-volume session. That gives each muscle group roughly 10–16 hard sets a week, the range where research finds good growth for most trained people.

  • Upper A and Lower A start with heavier compound lifts in the 6–8 rep range, for strength.
  • Upper B and Lower B use more exercises and higher reps, for volume.

Both matter. Muscle grows across a wide range of reps as long as sets are hard, and heavier work keeps you getting stronger, which lets you use more weight in your volume work over time.

How hard should sets be?

Most sets should end 1–2 reps short of failure: the last reps slow down and you could do one or two more with good form, but not five. Leaving a little in reserve on big lifts keeps technique safe and fatigue manageable. On isolation exercises such as curls and lateral raises, taking the final set to failure is fine.

Progress, then recover

For six weeks, try to add a rep or a little weight every session. In weeks 4–6 you add sets, and week 7 is your hardest. Week 8 is a deliberate step back: lighter weights and fewer sets, so the fatigue lifts and you start the next cycle stronger.

Fuel the growth

Muscle is built from protein and needs energy. Aim for 1.6–2.2 g of protein per kg of body weight and a small calorie surplus. The protein calculator and calorie calculator give you the exact numbers.

The 8-week plan

How the program works

  • Train four days a week, for example Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday.
  • Take most sets to 1–2 reps short of failure. The last set of isolation exercises can go to failure.
  • Use double progression: add reps within the range first, then add weight.
  • Rest 2–3 minutes on the first two exercises and 60–90 seconds on the rest.
  • Control the lowering phase of every rep, taking about two seconds.

A typical week

  1. MondayUpper bodyUpper A: heavier
  2. TuesdayLower bodyLower A: heavier
  3. WednesdayRest
  4. ThursdayUpper bodyUpper B: more volume
  5. FridayLower bodyLower B: more volume
  6. SaturdayRest or light activity
  7. SundayRest

The sessions

Upper A: heavier

60 min
ExerciseSetsReps or timeRest
Barbell bench press46–82–3 min
Barbell row46–82–3 min
Seated dumbbell shoulder press38–1090 s
Lat pulldown310–1290 s
EZ-bar curl210–1260 s
Triceps pushdown210–1260 s

Lower A: heavier

60 min
ExerciseSetsReps or timeRest
Back squat46–83 min
Romanian deadlift38–102 min
Leg press310–1290 s
Lying leg curl310–1260 s
Standing calf raise310–1560 s

Upper B: more volume

60 min
ExerciseSetsReps or timeRest
Incline dumbbell press38–122 min
Pull-up or assisted pull-up36–102 min
Seated cable row310–1290 s
Lateral raise312–1560 s
Pec deck or cable fly212–1560 s
Hammer curl210–1260 s
Overhead triceps extension210–1260 s

Lower B: more volume

60 min
ExerciseSetsReps or timeRest
Deadlift or trap bar deadlift35–63 min
Bulgarian split squat38–10 per leg90 s
Hip thrust38–1290 s
Leg extension312–1560 s
Seated calf raise312–1560 s
Hanging knee raise310–1560 s

How to progress

  1. Weeks1–3BaseSets as written. Start about 2–3 reps short of failure and focus on control and full range of motion.
  2. Weeks4–6BuildAdd one set to the first two exercises of every workout. Push most sets to 1–2 reps short of failure.
  3. Week7PeakKeep the extra sets and try to beat your week 6 weight or reps on every exercise.
  4. Week8DeloadGo back to week 1 sets with about 10% less weight. Recover fully, then start the next cycle a little heavier.

Frequently asked questions

Is an upper/lower split good for building muscle?

Yes. It trains every muscle twice a week, which research links to more growth than once a week, and it spreads the weekly sets across four manageable sessions.

Can I do this program three days a week?

You can rotate the four workouts over three training days (Upper A, Lower A, Upper B, then Lower B the next week, and so on). Each muscle is then trained about 1.5 times a week, which still works well.

How much should I eat on this program?

To build muscle, eat enough protein (1.6–2.2 g per kg of body weight) and a small calorie surplus of about 250–500 kcal a day. Use the calorie and protein calculators to find your numbers.

Why is there a deload week?

Weeks of hard training build up fatigue that hides your real progress. A lighter week lets you recover, so you start the next cycle stronger and with less risk of injury.

Research behind this program

  1. Schoenfeld BJ, Ogborn D, Krieger JW (2017). Dose-response relationship between weekly resistance training volume and increases in muscle mass. Journal of Sports Sciences.
  2. Schoenfeld BJ, Ogborn D, Krieger JW (2016). Effects of resistance training frequency on measures of muscle hypertrophy. Sports Medicine.
  3. Schoenfeld BJ et al. (2017). Strength and hypertrophy adaptations between low- vs. high-load resistance training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research.
  4. Morton RW et al. (2018). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength. British Journal of Sports Medicine.

Last updated September 21, 2026. This program is general information, not medical advice. Check with a doctor before starting if you have a health condition or have been inactive for a long time.

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